Mesothelioma is a form of cancer which occurs in thin membranes (called the mesothelium) lining the chest, lungs, abdomen and sometimes the heart. Although quite rare, mesothelioma symptoms strike more than 200 people each year in the United States. The majority of mesothelioma cases are directly linked to asbestos exposure.
Because of the long latency period of mesothelioma, the average age of patients is between 50 and 70 years. Mesothelioma affects men most due to the high exposure of asbestos in industrial typed jobs. Mesothelioma symptoms include respiratory problems, shortness of breath, continual cough and pneumonia. Other mesothelioma symptoms include weight loss, abdominal problems and swelling. In some mesothelioma patients, the mesothelioma symptoms are quite muted, making it hard for mesothelioma doctors to diagnose.
Mesothelioma doctors specialize in the study, research, and treatments of Mesothelioma cancers.
Mesothelioma (or the cancer of the mesothelium) is a disease in which cells become abnormal and replicate without control. During Mesothelioma, these cells will invade and damage tissues and organs. Mesothelioma cancer cells can spread throughout the body causing death.
Mesothelioma treatments and Mesothelioma clinical trials and tests
There are many mesothelioma treatment options available. Treatments include surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy and the mesothelioma treatment depends on the patient’s age, general health and stage of the cancer. There has been much mesothelioma research conducted throughout the past two years to find new treatment methods. Click here to read more about mesothelioma treatment techniques.
Through mesothelioma research, The National Cancer Institute has sponsored mesothelioma tests and clinical trials that are designed to find new treatment methods. Because of the increase in number of mesothelioma cases in the United States, both governments have increased funding for mesothelioma research. Mesothelioma research and clinical trials have been successful in developing new techniques to fight this cancer and the outlook for more advanced mesothelioma treatments is promising.
Surgery is the most common treatment method for malignant mesothelioma. Tissues and linings affected by mesothelioma are removed by the doctor and may include the lung or even diaphragm.
A second mesothelioma treatment method is radiation therapy through the use of high energy x-rays that kill the cancer cells. Radiation therapy can be outside or inside the body.
A third mesothelioma treatment method is chemotherapy. Through pills or drugs through needles, chemotherapy drugs are used to kill cancer cells.
A new mesothelioma treatment method is called intraoperative photodynamic therapy. In this treatment, light and drugs are used to kill cancer cells during surgery for early stages of mesothelioma in the chest. Although there are numerous treatments and drugs for mesothelioma, doctors are losing the battle against this deadly disease. Most mesothelioma treatments involve old techniques combined with different drug cocktails. However, in most cases, these mesothelioma treatments have many side effects including organ damage, nausea, increase in heart failure etc. The rush to find a more effective mesothelioma treatment or even cure is ongoing at numerous clinical labs across the nation. Let's hope that the mesothelioma treatments will one day erradicate mesothelioma cancer and asbestosis.
With an abundance of information on the Internet, Mesothelioma Cancer and Asbestos ([http://www.mesothelioma-cancer-and-asbestos.com]) has consolidated the most important issues surrounding Mesothelioma, Mesothelioma doctors and symptoms, Mesothelioma treatment, Mesothelioma research and tests.
At [http://www.mesothelioma-cancer-and-asbestos.com], the website contains useful resources on Mesothelioma lawyers and attorneys, as well as causes by asbestos exposure, asbestos removal, asbestos attorneys and lawsuits, and asbestos cancer. Patients stricken by Mesothelioma and their families require support and current information. Mesothelioma Online Resources hopes to educate and give hope to survivors and victims.
Mesothelioma is such a harsh disease. Not only does it take years for symptoms to appear, but there are limited treatements and drugs that will prolong the lives of workers stricken with mesothelioma. In many cases, the death rate of mesothelioma is unfortunately very high. However, with increased funding in mesothelioma research through the government and private grants, the outlook for a mesothelioma cure is quite possible. In the meantime, mesothelioma support groups and local discussions provide the ongoing support for mesothelioma patients.
Mesothelioma Cancer and Asbestos ([http://www.mesothelioma-cancer-and-asbestos.com])is your source for mesothelioma and asbestos information, treatments, clinical trials, attorneys, support groups and lawyers.
About the website: Michael Kenneth is a successful Internet Publisher and has researched and written on many topics for [http://www.mesothelioma-cancer-and-asbestos.com] - your complete source for mesothelioma information, mesothelioma attorneys and lawyers, mesothelioma treatments and research, asbestos exposure and removal, asbestos attorneys and legislation as well as asbestos cancer.
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PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) atau sindrom ovarium polikistik merupakan kondisi terganggunya fungsi ovarium pada wanita yang berada di usia subur. Kondisi ini menyebabkan hormon wanita yang menderita PCOS menjadi tidak seimbang karena hal-hal yang tidak diketahui.
Tanda-tanda awal PCOS adalah masa ovulasi atau subur yang tidak beraturan, meningkatnya kadar hormon pria (androgen) dalam tubuh wanita, dan munculnya banyak kista (kantong berisi cairan) pada ovarium. Jika seorang wanita mengalami setidaknya dua dari tiga tanda awal itu, maka kemungkinan ia mengidap PCOS.Gejala PCOS
Biasanya gejala-gejala PCOS akan semakin jelas terlihat ketika wanita memasuki usia 16 sampai 24 tahun. Beberapa gejala-gejala umum PCOS adalah:
- Pertumbuhan rambut yang berlebihan, biasanya di punggung, bokong, wajah, atau dada.
- Kulit berminyak atau berjerawat.
- Depresi.
- Kesulitan untuk hamil.
- Rambut kepala rontok atau menipis.
- Berat badan bertambah.
- Menstruasi tidak teratur. Dalam setahun frekuensi menstruasi lebih sedikit, atau jumlah darah yang dikeluarkan saat menstruasi lebih banyak.
Berkonsultasilah dengan dokter jika mengalami beberapa gejala tersebut, untuk mengetahui penyebabnya.
Penyebab dan Faktor Risiko PCOS
Sampai saat ini penyebab pasti PCOS masih belum diketahui, tapi diduga ada hubungannya dengan kadar hormon yang tidak normal. Namun, ada beberapa faktor yang mungkin bisa mendorong terjadinya PCOS, yaitu:
- Resistensi terhadap insulin. Jaringan tubuh resisten terhadap insulin, sehingga tubuh terpacu untuk memproduksi lebih banyak insulin yang mengganggu pembuahan normal dan memicu penambahan berat badan.
- Ketidakseimbangan hormon. Hal ini disebabkan antara lain karena naiknya kadar testosteron (hormon yang dominan pada tubuh pria), naiknya hormon lutein (kadar yang tinggi malah menganggu kerja ovarium), turunnya kadar globulin pengikat-hormon seksual (SHBG) sehingga aktivitas testosteron meningkat di dalam tubuh, dan naiknya hormon prolaktin (hormon yang memicu produksi air susu).
- Faktor keturunan. Jika salah seorang anggota keluarga mengidap PCOS, maka risiko Anda semakin besar untuk terkena PCOS.
Jika tidak segera ditangani, penderita PCOS berisiko terkena beberapa penyakit seperti:
- Diabetes tipe 2.
- Sindrom metabolik.
- Tekanan darah tinggi termasuk hipertensi pada masa kehamilan.
- Perlemakan hati non-alkoholik.
- Meningkatnya kadar kolesterol darah.
- Infertilitas.
- Sleep apnea.
- Kadar lemak darah tidak normal.
- Gangguan menstruasi berupa perdarahan abnormal dari rahim.
Diagnosis PCOS
Diagnosis merupakan langkah dokter untuk mengidentifikasi penyakit atau kondisi yang menjelaskan gejala dan tanda-tanda yang dialami oleh pasien. Untuk mendiagnosis PCOS, dokter akan melakukan beberapa hal berikut:
Pemeriksaan fisik. Dokter akan mencatat beberapa informasi penting tentang tubuh penderita seperti tinggi badan, berat badan, tekanan darah, keadaan kulit, menghitung indeks massa tubuh, memeriksa payudara, perut, dan kelenjar tiroid. Dokter juga akan memeriksa organ reproduksi wanita.
Tes darah. Penderita akan diminta untuk menjalani tes darah untuk mengukur kadar hormon, kadar gula darah dan tingkat kolesterol.
Tes ultrasound. Tes ini akan memperlihatkan jumlah kista dalam ovarium dan ketebalan dinding uterus.
Pengobatan PCOS
PCOS tidak bisa disembuhkan, namun gejala-gejalanya dapat dikendalikan. Opsi-opsi penanganan yang bisa ditempuh oleh penderita PCOS adalah:
- Mengubah gaya hidup. Penderita PCOS yang obesitas, bisa mulai untuk menurunkan berat badan. Lalu penderita PCOS perokok disarankan untuk berhenti, sebab wanita perokok punya kadar hormon androgen lebih tinggi dibanding wanita non-perokok.
- Pembedahan. Pembedahan kecil yang disebut Laparoscopic Ovarian Drilling (LOD) menjadi opsi untuk menangani masalah kesuburan yang disebabkan PCOS.
- Terapi hormon bisa dilakukan bagi penderita PCOS yang tidak ingin merencanakan kehamilan. Terapi ini bisa menormalkan siklus menstruasi, mencegah kanker uterus, pertumbuhan rambut yang berlebihan, munculnya jerawat, dan rontoknya rambut kepala.
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