Hati-Hati, Begini Posisi Duduk Yang Allah Murkai - Banyak Yang Belum Tahu

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Sifat seorang muslim adalah selalu taat dan patuh terhadap perintah Allah dan Rasul-Nya. Ketika Allah melarang sesuatu, maka ia patuh. Begitu pula ketika Rasul-Nya melarang sesuatu dengan



mensifati sebagai sesuatu yang dimurkai, maka seorang muslim pun mendengar dan menjauhi tindakan semacam itu. Di antara bentuk duduk yang terlarang adalah sebagaimana para pembaca lihat pada gambar di samping ini, yaitu duduk dengan meletakkan tangan kiri di belakang dan dijadikan sandaran atau tumpuan. Berikut penjelasan mengenai hadits yang melarang hal tersebut dan keterangan beberapa ulama mengenai hal ini.

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عَنْ أَبِيهِ الشَّرِيدِ بْنِ سُوَيْدٍ قَالَ مَرَّ بِى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ -صلى الله عليه وسلم- وَأَنَا جَالِسٌ هَكَذَا وَقَدْ وَضَعْتُ يَدِىَ الْيُسْرَى خَلْفَ ظَهْرِى وَاتَّكَأْتُ عَلَى أَلْيَةِ يَدِى فَقَالَ « أَتَقْعُدُ قِعْدَةَ الْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ ».

Syirrid bin Suwaid radhiyallahu ‘anhu berkata, “Rasulullah pernah melintas di hadapanku sedang aku duduk seperti ini, yaitu bersandar pada tangan kiriku yang aku letakkan di belakang. Lalu baginda Nabi bersabda, “Adakah engkau duduk sebagaimana duduknya orang-orang yang dimurkai?” (HR. Abu Daud no. 4848. Syaikh Al Albani mengatakan bahwa hadits ini shahih)

Yang dimaksud dengan al maghdhub ‘alaihim adalah orang Yahudi sebagaimana kata Ath Thibiy. Penulis ‘Aunul Ma’bud berkata bahwa yang dimaksud dimurkai di sini lebih umum, baik orang kafir, orang fajir (gemar maksiat) , orang sombong, orang yang ujub dari cara duduk, jalan mereka dan semacamnya. (‘Aunul Ma’bud, 13: 135)

Dalam  Iqthido’ Shirotil Mustaqim, Ibnu Taimiyah berkata, “Hadits ini berisi larangan duduk seperti yang disebutkan karena duduk seperti ini dilaknat, termasuk duduk orang yang mendapatkan adzab. Hadits ini juga bermakna agar kita menjauhi jalan orang-orang semacam itu.”

Kata Syaikh ‘Abdul ‘Aziz bin ‘Abdillah bin Baz, duduk seperti ini terlarang di dalam dan di luar shalat. Bentuknya adalah duduk dengan bersandar pada tangan kiri yang dekat dengan bokong. Demikian cara duduknya dan tekstual hadits dapat dipahami bahwa duduk seperti itu adalah duduk yang terlarang. (Majmu’ Fatawa Ibnu Baz, 25: 161)

Syaikh Muhammad bin Sholih Al ‘Utsaimin menjelaskan dalam Syarh Riyadhus Sholihin, “Duduk dengan bersandar pada tangan kiri disifatkan dengan duduk orang yang dimurkai Allah. Adapun meletakkan kedua tangan di belakang badan lalu bersandar pada keduanya, maka tidaklah masalah. Juga ketika tangan kanan yang jadi sandaran, maka tidak mengapa. Yang dikatakan duduk dimurkai sebagaimana disifati nabi adalah duduk dengan menjadikan tangan kiri di belakang badan dan tangan kiri tadi diletakkan di lantai dan jadi sandaran. Inilah duduk yang dimurkai sebagaimana yang Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam sifatkan.”

Sebagian ulama menyatakan bahwa duduk semacam ini dikatakan makruh (tidak haram). Namun hal ini kurang tepat. Syaikh ‘Abdul Al ‘Abbad berkata, “Makruh dapat dimaknakan juga haram. Dan kadang makruh juga berarti makruh tanzih (tidak sampai haram). Akan tetapi dalam hadits disifati duduk semacam ini adalah duduk orang yang dimurkai, maka ini sudah jelas menunjukkan haramnya.” (Syarh Sunan Abi Daud, 28: 49)

Jika ada yang bertanya, logikanya mana, kok sampai duduk seperti ini dilarang? Maka jawabnya, sudah dijelaskan bahwa duduk semacam ini adalah duduk orang yang dimurkai Allah (maghdhub ‘alaihim). Jika sudah disebutkan demikian, maka sikap kita adalah sami’na wa atho’na, kami dengar dan taat. Tidak perlu cari hikmahnya dulu atau berkata ‘why?‘ ‘why?‘, baru diamalkan. Seorang muslim pun tidak boleh sampai berkata, ah seperti itu saja kok masalah. Ingatlah, Allah Ta’ala berfirman,

فَلْيَحْذَرِ الَّذِينَ يُخَالِفُونَ عَنْ أَمْرِهِ أَنْ تُصِيبَهُمْ فِتْنَةٌ أَوْ يُصِيبَهُمْ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ

“Maka hendaklah orang-orang yang menyalahi perintah-Nya takut akan ditimpa cobaan atau ditimpa azab yang pedih” (QS. An Nur: 63). Dan sabda Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam bukan atas dasar hawa nafsunya yang ia utarakan. Allah Ta’ala berfirman,

وَمَا يَنْطِقُ عَنِ الْهَوَى (3) إِنْ هُوَ إِلَّا وَحْيٌ يُوحَى (4)

“Dan tiadalah yang diucapkannya itu menurut kemauan hawa nafsunya. Ucapannya itu tiada lain hanyalah wahyu yang diwahyukan (kepadanya)” (QS. An Najm: 3-4)

Ibnu Katsir berkata, “Khawatirlah dan takutlah bagi siapa saja yang menyelisihi syari’at Rasul secara lahir dan batin karena niscaya ia akan tertimpa fitnah berupa kekufuran, kemunafikan atau perbuatan bid’ah.” (Tafsir Al Qur’an Al ‘Azhim, 10: 281)

Wallahu waliyyut taufiq.

Referensi: Fatwa Al Islam Sual wal Jawab no. 149230

Akhi, ukhti, yuk baca tulisan lengkapnya di Rumaysho:

https://rumaysho.com/2482-duduk-bersandar-yang-dimurkai.html

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