Mesothelioma is a form of cancer which occurs in thin membranes (called the mesothelium) lining the chest, lungs, abdomen and sometimes the heart. Although quite rare, mesothelioma symptoms strike more than 200 people each year in the United States. The majority of mesothelioma cases are directly linked to asbestos exposure.
Because of the long latency period of mesothelioma, the average age of patients is between 50 and 70 years. Mesothelioma affects men most due to the high exposure of asbestos in industrial typed jobs. Mesothelioma symptoms include respiratory problems, shortness of breath, continual cough and pneumonia. Other mesothelioma symptoms include weight loss, abdominal problems and swelling. In some mesothelioma patients, the mesothelioma symptoms are quite muted, making it hard for mesothelioma doctors to diagnose.
Mesothelioma doctors specialize in the study, research, and treatments of Mesothelioma cancers.
Mesothelioma (or the cancer of the mesothelium) is a disease in which cells become abnormal and replicate without control. During Mesothelioma, these cells will invade and damage tissues and organs. Mesothelioma cancer cells can spread throughout the body causing death.
Mesothelioma treatments and Mesothelioma clinical trials and tests
There are many mesothelioma treatment options available. Treatments include surgery, radiation therapy and chemotherapy and the mesothelioma treatment depends on the patient’s age, general health and stage of the cancer. There has been much mesothelioma research conducted throughout the past two years to find new treatment methods. Click here to read more about mesothelioma treatment techniques.
Through mesothelioma research, The National Cancer Institute has sponsored mesothelioma tests and clinical trials that are designed to find new treatment methods. Because of the increase in number of mesothelioma cases in the United States, both governments have increased funding for mesothelioma research. Mesothelioma research and clinical trials have been successful in developing new techniques to fight this cancer and the outlook for more advanced mesothelioma treatments is promising.
Surgery is the most common treatment method for malignant mesothelioma. Tissues and linings affected by mesothelioma are removed by the doctor and may include the lung or even diaphragm.
A second mesothelioma treatment method is radiation therapy through the use of high energy x-rays that kill the cancer cells. Radiation therapy can be outside or inside the body.
A third mesothelioma treatment method is chemotherapy. Through pills or drugs through needles, chemotherapy drugs are used to kill cancer cells.
A new mesothelioma treatment method is called intraoperative photodynamic therapy. In this treatment, light and drugs are used to kill cancer cells during surgery for early stages of mesothelioma in the chest. Although there are numerous treatments and drugs for mesothelioma, doctors are losing the battle against this deadly disease. Most mesothelioma treatments involve old techniques combined with different drug cocktails. However, in most cases, these mesothelioma treatments have many side effects including organ damage, nausea, increase in heart failure etc. The rush to find a more effective mesothelioma treatment or even cure is ongoing at numerous clinical labs across the nation. Let's hope that the mesothelioma treatments will one day erradicate mesothelioma cancer and asbestosis.
With an abundance of information on the Internet, Mesothelioma Cancer and Asbestos ([http://www.mesothelioma-cancer-and-asbestos.com]) has consolidated the most important issues surrounding Mesothelioma, Mesothelioma doctors and symptoms, Mesothelioma treatment, Mesothelioma research and tests.
At [http://www.mesothelioma-cancer-and-asbestos.com], the website contains useful resources on Mesothelioma lawyers and attorneys, as well as causes by asbestos exposure, asbestos removal, asbestos attorneys and lawsuits, and asbestos cancer. Patients stricken by Mesothelioma and their families require support and current information. Mesothelioma Online Resources hopes to educate and give hope to survivors and victims.
Mesothelioma is such a harsh disease. Not only does it take years for symptoms to appear, but there are limited treatements and drugs that will prolong the lives of workers stricken with mesothelioma. In many cases, the death rate of mesothelioma is unfortunately very high. However, with increased funding in mesothelioma research through the government and private grants, the outlook for a mesothelioma cure is quite possible. In the meantime, mesothelioma support groups and local discussions provide the ongoing support for mesothelioma patients.
Mesothelioma Cancer and Asbestos ([http://www.mesothelioma-cancer-and-asbestos.com])is your source for mesothelioma and asbestos information, treatments, clinical trials, attorneys, support groups and lawyers.
About the website: Michael Kenneth is a successful Internet Publisher and has researched and written on many topics for [http://www.mesothelioma-cancer-and-asbestos.com] - your complete source for mesothelioma information, mesothelioma attorneys and lawyers, mesothelioma treatments and research, asbestos exposure and removal, asbestos attorneys and legislation as well as asbestos cancer.
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Meskipun ketika meperbuatnya, tak hingga keluar m4ni. Para ulama tak sama pendapat, apakah pelaku dibunuh ataukah dipenjara.
Ulama yang
menganggap pelaku dihukum bunuh, berdalil dengan hadis dari Ibnu Abbas
radhiyallahu ‘anhuma, bahwa Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam bersabda:
مَنْ وَجَدْتُمُوهُ وَقَعَ عَلَى بَهِيمَةٍ فَاقْتُلُوهُ وَاقْتُلُوا الْبَهِيمَةَ
“Siapa saja
yang anda jumpai bersetubuh dengan binatang, maka bunuhlah dirinya
serta bunuh fauna yang sehingga korban.” (HR. Tirmidzi 1455, Abu Daud
4464, serta Ibn Majah 2564).
Hanya saja,
hadis ini diperselisihkan kesahihannya oleh para ulama. Disamping itu,
hadis ini bermengenaian dengan keterangan Ibnu Abbas dalam riwayat lain,
yang berkata:
من أتى بهيمة فلا حد عليه
“Siapa yang bersetubuh dengan binatang , tak ada hukuman khusus untuknya.” (HR. Tirmidzi, seusai hadis no. 1455).
Artinya,
syariat tak menetapkan hukuman khusus untuknya, tapi hukuman untuk
pelaku perbuatan ini dikembalikan terhadap kebijakan pemerintah. Semacam
penjara alias didera.
Selanjutnya, at-Tirmidzi berkata:
وَهَذَا أَصَحُّ مِنَ الحَدِيثِ الأَوَّلِ، وَالعَمَلُ عَلَى هَذَا عِنْدَ أَهْلِ العِلْمِ، وَهُوَ قَوْلُ أَحْمَدَ، وَإِسْحَاقَ
“Hadis ini
lebih kuat dari pada hadis pertama (hukuman bunuh untuk pelaku setubuh
dengan binatang). Para ulama mengamalkan hadis ini, serta pendapat ini
yang dipegang oleh Imam Ahmad serta Ishaq bin Rahuyah.” (Jami Tirmidzi,
4:57).
Pendapat
kedua inilah yang menjadi pendapat mayoritas ulama. Serta inilah
pendapat yang lebih kuat, insya Allah. Bahwa pelaku perbuatan
menyetubuhi binatang, tak dibunuh tapi dihukum sesuai kebijakan
pemerintah. (al-Mausu’ah al-Fiqhiyah, 24:33).
Mengapa binatang yang menjadi korban wajib dibunuh?
Sejatinya ada perselisihan di sini.
Pertama,
Mayoritas ulama –Hanafiyah, Malikiyah, serta Syafiiyah– menganggap bahwa
binatang yang menjadi korban tak dibunuh. Andaipun disembelih, boleh
dimakan, apabila tergolong binatang yang halal dimakan.
Kedua, pendapat Abu Yusuf serta Muhammad bin Hasan mekualitas fauna ini haram untuk dimakan.
Ketiga,
Madzhab Hanbali serta sebagian syafiiyah, bahwa fauna ini dibunuh.
Bahkan sebagian syafiiyah menegaskan bahwa fauna itu haram dimakan,
meskipun dirinya tergolong binatang yang halal dimakan. Pendapat ini
berdasarkan hadis dari Ibnu Abbas:
من وقع على بهيمة فاقتلوه واقتلوا البهيمة
Siapa yang bersetubuh dengan binatang maka bunuhlah dirinya serta fauna yang menjadi korbannya.”
Keterangan
Ibnu Abbas bahwa tak ada hukuman khusus bagi pelaku, hanya menghapus
status hukuman bagi pelaku. Sementara perintah membunuh hewannya tetap
berlaku. Allahu a’lam.
Apa hikmah membunuh binatang ini?
Dalam riwayat Tirmidzi serta Abu Daud, seusai memberi tau hadis ini, Ibn Abbas ditanya: “Mengapa binatang itu turut dibunuh?”
Beliau menjawab:
ما سمعت من رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم في ذلك شيئا، ولكن أرى رسول الله كره أن يؤكل من لحمها أو ينتفع بها وقد عمل بها ذلك العمل
“Saya tak
sempat mendengar keterangan dari Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa sallam
dalam persoalan ini. Tetapi saya lihat Nabi shallallahu ‘alaihi wa
sallam membenci orang makan dagingnya alias mekegunaaankan fauna ini.
Serta faktor itu sudah diamalkan.”
Dalam Tuhfatul Ahwadzi dinyatakan:
“Ada yang
berkata, supaya tak terlahir binatang dengan wajah manusia. Ada juga
yang berkata, supaya pelaku tak mengalami kekecewaan berlebihan di
dunia, disebabkan menonton korbannya tetap nasib.” (Tuhfatul Ahwadzi,
Syarh Sunan Tirmidzi, 5:16).
Allahu a’lam
Sumber: https://konsultasisyariah.com/14369-hukuman-bagi-yang-bersetubuh-dengan-binatang.html
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